This PFD of jet fuel mercaptan oxidation treating was redrawn from Wikipedia file: ConvLPGMerox.png. [en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ File:ConvKeroMerox.png]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported icense. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"Merox is an acronym for mercaptan oxidation. It is a proprietary catalytic chemical process developed by UOP used in oil refineries and natural gas processing plants to remove mercaptans from LPG, propane, butanes, light naphthas, kerosene and jet fuel by converting them to liquid hydrocarbon disulfides.
The Merox process requires an alkaline environment which, in some of the process versions, is provided by an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a strong base, commonly referred to as caustic. In other versions of the process, the alkalinity is provided by ammonia, which is a weak base.
The catalyst in some versions of the process is a water-soluble liquid. In other versions, the catalyst is impregnated onto charcoal granules.
Processes within oil refineries or natural gas processing plants that remove mercaptans and/ or hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are commonly referred to as sweetening processes because they results in products which no longer have the sour, foul odors of mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide. The liquid hydrocarbon disulfides may remain in the sweetened products, they may be used as part of the refinery or natural gas processing plant fuel, or they may be processed further.
The Merox process is usually more economical than using a catalytic hydrodesulfurization process for much the same purpose." [en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ Merox]
The process flow diagram (PFD) example "Jet fuel mercaptan oxidation treating" was drawn using the ConceptDraw PRO software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Chemical and Process Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported icense. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"Merox is an acronym for mercaptan oxidation. It is a proprietary catalytic chemical process developed by UOP used in oil refineries and natural gas processing plants to remove mercaptans from LPG, propane, butanes, light naphthas, kerosene and jet fuel by converting them to liquid hydrocarbon disulfides.
The Merox process requires an alkaline environment which, in some of the process versions, is provided by an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a strong base, commonly referred to as caustic. In other versions of the process, the alkalinity is provided by ammonia, which is a weak base.
The catalyst in some versions of the process is a water-soluble liquid. In other versions, the catalyst is impregnated onto charcoal granules.
Processes within oil refineries or natural gas processing plants that remove mercaptans and/ or hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are commonly referred to as sweetening processes because they results in products which no longer have the sour, foul odors of mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide. The liquid hydrocarbon disulfides may remain in the sweetened products, they may be used as part of the refinery or natural gas processing plant fuel, or they may be processed further.
The Merox process is usually more economical than using a catalytic hydrodesulfurization process for much the same purpose." [en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ Merox]
The process flow diagram (PFD) example "Jet fuel mercaptan oxidation treating" was drawn using the ConceptDraw PRO software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Chemical and Process Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Process flow diagram (PFD)
-jet-fuel-mercaptan-oxidation-treating---pfd.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
HelpDesk
How to Create a Fault Tree Analysis Diagram (FTD)
Electrical Symbols — Logic Gate Diagram
"A logic gate is an idealized or physical device implementing a Boolean function, that is, it performs a logical operation on one or more logical inputs, and produces a single logical output. Depending on the context, the term may refer to an ideal logic gate, one that has for instance zero rise time and unlimited fan-out, or it may refer to a non-ideal physical device...
Logic gates are primarily implemented using diodes or transistors acting as electronic switches, but can also be constructed using electromagnetic relays (relay logic), fluidic logic, pneumatic logic, optics, molecules, or even mechanical elements. With amplification, logic gates can be cascaded in the same way that Boolean functions can be composed, allowing the construction of a physical model of all of Boolean logic, and therefore, all of the algorithms and mathematics that can be described with Boolean logic.
Logic circuits include such devices as multiplexers, registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs), and computer memory, all the way up through complete microprocessors, which may contain more than 100 million gates. In practice, the gates are made from field-effect transistors (FETs), particularly MOSFETs (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors).
Compound logic gates AND-OR-Invert (AOI) and OR-AND-Invert (OAI) are often employed in circuit design because their construction using MOSFETs is simpler and more efficient than the sum of the individual gates.
In reversible logic, Toffoli gates are used." [Logic gate. Wikipedia]
The logic gate diagram template for the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software is included in the Electrical Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Logic gates are primarily implemented using diodes or transistors acting as electronic switches, but can also be constructed using electromagnetic relays (relay logic), fluidic logic, pneumatic logic, optics, molecules, or even mechanical elements. With amplification, logic gates can be cascaded in the same way that Boolean functions can be composed, allowing the construction of a physical model of all of Boolean logic, and therefore, all of the algorithms and mathematics that can be described with Boolean logic.
Logic circuits include such devices as multiplexers, registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs), and computer memory, all the way up through complete microprocessors, which may contain more than 100 million gates. In practice, the gates are made from field-effect transistors (FETs), particularly MOSFETs (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors).
Compound logic gates AND-OR-Invert (AOI) and OR-AND-Invert (OAI) are often employed in circuit design because their construction using MOSFETs is simpler and more efficient than the sum of the individual gates.
In reversible logic, Toffoli gates are used." [Logic gate. Wikipedia]
The logic gate diagram template for the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software is included in the Electrical Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Logic gate diagram
The vector stencils library "Fault tree analysis diagrams" contains 12 symbols for drawing FTA diagrams in the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Fault Tree Analysis Diagrams solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ engineering-fault-tree-analysis-diagrams
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ engineering-fault-tree-analysis-diagrams
AND gate
Priority AND gate
OR gate
Inhibit gate
XOR gate
Event
Basic event
Undeveloped event
House event
Conditional event
Transfer symbol
Voting gate
The vector stencils library "Logic gate diagram" contains 17 logical element symbols.
Use these shapes for drawing the logic gate diagrams in the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Electrical Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ engineering-electrical
Use these shapes for drawing the logic gate diagrams in the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Electrical Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ engineering-electrical
AND gate
OR gate
NOR gate (NOT OR)
-logic-gate-diagram---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
NAND gate (NOT AND)
-logic-gate-diagram---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
NOT gate (inverter)
-logic-gate-diagram---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
EX-OR (Exclusive-OR) gate
-gate-logic-gate-diagram---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
EX-NOR (Exclusive-NOR) gate
-gate-logic-gate-diagram---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
Group
Operational Amplifier
Alternative Operational Amplifier
Norton op-amp
NOT gate (inverter)
-logic-gate-diagram---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
NAND gate (NOT AND)
-logic-gate-diagram---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
NOR gate (NOT OR)
-logic-gate-diagram---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
Buffer
Gate with Open-Collector Output
Gate with Schmitt Trigger Input
The vector stencils library "Fault tree analysis diagrams" contains 12 symbols for drawing Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) diagrams.
"Fault tree analysis (FTA) is a top down, deductive failure analysis in which an undesired state of a system is analyzed using Boolean logic to combine a series of lower-level events. This analysis method is mainly used in the fields of safety engineering and reliability engineering to understand how systems can fail, to identify the best ways to reduce risk or to determine (or get a feeling for) event rates of a safety accident or a particular system level (functional) failure. FTA is used in the aerospace, nuclear power, chemical and process, pharmaceutical, petrochemical and other high-hazard industries; but is also used in fields as diverse as risk factor identification relating to social service system failure.
In aerospace, the more general term "system Failure Condition" is used for the "undesired state" / Top event of the fault tree. These conditions are classified by the severity of their effects. The most severe conditions require the most extensive fault tree analysis. These "system Failure Conditions" and their classification are often previously determined in the functional Hazard analysis." [Fault tree analysis. Wikipedia]
The shapes example "Fault tree analysis diagrams" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Fault Tree Analysis Diagrams solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
"Fault tree analysis (FTA) is a top down, deductive failure analysis in which an undesired state of a system is analyzed using Boolean logic to combine a series of lower-level events. This analysis method is mainly used in the fields of safety engineering and reliability engineering to understand how systems can fail, to identify the best ways to reduce risk or to determine (or get a feeling for) event rates of a safety accident or a particular system level (functional) failure. FTA is used in the aerospace, nuclear power, chemical and process, pharmaceutical, petrochemical and other high-hazard industries; but is also used in fields as diverse as risk factor identification relating to social service system failure.
In aerospace, the more general term "system Failure Condition" is used for the "undesired state" / Top event of the fault tree. These conditions are classified by the severity of their effects. The most severe conditions require the most extensive fault tree analysis. These "system Failure Conditions" and their classification are often previously determined in the functional Hazard analysis." [Fault tree analysis. Wikipedia]
The shapes example "Fault tree analysis diagrams" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Fault Tree Analysis Diagrams solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
FTA diagram symbols
Fault Tree Analysis Software
The vector stencils library "Logic gate diagram" contains 17 element symbols for drawing the logic gate diagrams.
"To build a functionally complete logic system, relays, valves (vacuum tubes), or transistors can be used. The simplest family of logic gates using bipolar transistors is called resistor-transistor logic (RTL). Unlike simple diode logic gates (which do not have a gain element), RTL gates can be cascaded indefinitely to produce more complex logic functions. RTL gates were used in early integrated circuits. For higher speed and better density, the resistors used in RTL were replaced by diodes resulting in diode-transistor logic (DTL). Transistor-transistor logic (TTL) then supplanted DTL. As integrated circuits became more complex, bipolar transistors were replaced with smaller field-effect transistors (MOSFETs); see PMOS and NMOS. To reduce power consumption still further, most contemporary chip implementations of digital systems now use CMOS logic. CMOS uses complementary (both n-channel and p-channel) MOSFET devices to achieve a high speed with low power dissipation." [Logic gate. Wikipedia]
The symbols example "Design elements - Logic gate diagram" was drawn using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Electrical Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
"To build a functionally complete logic system, relays, valves (vacuum tubes), or transistors can be used. The simplest family of logic gates using bipolar transistors is called resistor-transistor logic (RTL). Unlike simple diode logic gates (which do not have a gain element), RTL gates can be cascaded indefinitely to produce more complex logic functions. RTL gates were used in early integrated circuits. For higher speed and better density, the resistors used in RTL were replaced by diodes resulting in diode-transistor logic (DTL). Transistor-transistor logic (TTL) then supplanted DTL. As integrated circuits became more complex, bipolar transistors were replaced with smaller field-effect transistors (MOSFETs); see PMOS and NMOS. To reduce power consumption still further, most contemporary chip implementations of digital systems now use CMOS logic. CMOS uses complementary (both n-channel and p-channel) MOSFET devices to achieve a high speed with low power dissipation." [Logic gate. Wikipedia]
The symbols example "Design elements - Logic gate diagram" was drawn using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Electrical Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Logic gate symbols
The vector stencils library "Instruments" contains 72 symbols of control instruments and measuring devices: meters and gauges, and callouts, text boxes, and inserts.
Use these shapes to create annotated process flow diagrams (PFD), flow control, manufacturing processes, and distribution system diagrams in the ConceptDraw PRO software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Chemical and Process Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ engineering-chemical-process
Use these shapes to create annotated process flow diagrams (PFD), flow control, manufacturing processes, and distribution system diagrams in the ConceptDraw PRO software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Chemical and Process Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ engineering-chemical-process
Indicator local
Indicator remote
Indicator auxiliary
CRT local
CRT remote
CRT auxiliary
PLC local
PLC auxiliary
PLC remote
Computer local
Computer auxiliary
Computer remote
Light local
Light remote
Light auxiliary
Indicator auxiliary (dashed)
-instruments---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
Indicator remote (dashed)
-instruments---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
Steam traced auxiliary
Steam traced remote
Steam traced local
Level meter auxiliary
Level meter remote
Level meter local
Pressure gauge diaphragm
Pressure gauge
Pressure gauge liquid filled
Strain gauge
Thermometer bi-metallic
Thermometer gas
Thermometer general
Thermometer glass
Thermometer liquid
Thermometer resistance
Thermometer thermocouple
Flowmeter electromagnetic
Flowmeter general
Flowmeter nozzle
Flowmeter orifice
Flowmeter positive displacement
Flowmeter turbine
Flowmeter variable area
Flowmeter Venturi
Level meter capacitive
Level meter conductive
Level meter displacer
Level meter float
Level meter general
Level meter sonic
Indicator analoque
Indicator digital
Indicator general
Recorder analoque
Recorder digital
Recorder general
Converter
Converter 2 (1st half filled)
-instruments---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
Converter 3 (2nd half filled)
-instruments---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
Venturi
Venturi (pressure taps)
-instruments---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
Flowmeter
Rotameter
Vortex sensor
Propeller meter
Generic utility
Operator box
Operator box 2 (1st half filled)
-instruments---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
Operator box 3 (2nd half filled)
-instruments---vector-stencils-library.png--diagram-flowchart-example.png)
AND gate
OR gate
NOT gate
Correcting element
Diamond
The logic gate diagram example "2-bit ALU" was redesigned from the Wikimedia Commons file: 2-bit ALU.svg.
[commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:2-bit_ ALU.svg]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"In digital electronics, an arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) is a digital circuit that performs integer arithmetic and logical operations. The ALU is a fundamental building block of the central processing unit of a computer, and even the simplest microprocessors contain one for purposes such as maintaining timers. The processors found inside modern CPUs and graphics processing units (GPUs) accommodate very powerful and very complex ALUs; a single component may contain a number of ALUs. ...
Most of a processor's operations are performed by one or more ALUs. An ALU loads data from input registers. Then an external control unit tells the ALU what operation to perform on that data, and then the ALU stores its result into an output register. The control unit is responsible for moving the processed data between these registers, ALU and memory." [Arithmetic logic unit. Wikipedia]
The logic gate diagram example "2-bit ALU" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Electrical Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
[commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:2-bit_ ALU.svg]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"In digital electronics, an arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) is a digital circuit that performs integer arithmetic and logical operations. The ALU is a fundamental building block of the central processing unit of a computer, and even the simplest microprocessors contain one for purposes such as maintaining timers. The processors found inside modern CPUs and graphics processing units (GPUs) accommodate very powerful and very complex ALUs; a single component may contain a number of ALUs. ...
Most of a processor's operations are performed by one or more ALUs. An ALU loads data from input registers. Then an external control unit tells the ALU what operation to perform on that data, and then the ALU stores its result into an output register. The control unit is responsible for moving the processed data between these registers, ALU and memory." [Arithmetic logic unit. Wikipedia]
The logic gate diagram example "2-bit ALU" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Electrical Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Logic gate diagram
Electrical Symbols — MOSFET
Electrical Symbols — IGFET
Circuits and Logic Diagram Software
Electrical Symbols, Electrical Diagram Symbols
- Logic Gates Png
- Half Circle Png
- Analysis Vector Png
- Soccer Gate Icon Png
- Vector Tree Png
- Garden Roads Png
- Tree Png
- Tower Crane Vectors Png
- Futeball Gate Png
- Bullet Icon Text Png
- Resistor Symbol Png
- Football Scoreboard Icon Png
- Referee Png Icon
- Point Bullet Symbol Icon Png
- Plc Icon Png
- Palm Plan Symbol Png
- Security Illustration Png
- Operator Png
- Goalkeeper Icon Png
- Reminders Png
