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"In biochemistry, metabolic pathways are series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell. In each pathway, a principal chemical is modified by a series of chemical reactions. Enzymes catalyze these reactions, and often require dietary minerals, vitamins, and other cofactors in order to function properly. Because of the many chemicals (a.k.a. "metabolites") that may be involved, metabolic pathways can be quite elaborate. In addition, numerous distinct pathways co-exist within a cell. This collection of pathways is called the metabolic network. Pathways are important to the maintenance of homeostasis within an organism. Catabolic (break-down) and Anabolic (synthesis) pathways often work interdependently to create new biomolecules as the final end-products." [Metabolic pathway. Wikipedia]
The biochemical diagram example "Metabolic pathway map" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Biology solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-biology
Catabolic pathways
Catabolic pathways, citric acid cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle, Krebs cycle, digestion, energy generation, digestion, proteins, polysaccharides, fats, amino acids, monosaccharides, fatty acids, acetyl coenzyme A, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, oxidative phosphorylation
"Metabolism is refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells. Metabolism is usually divided into catabolism, that breaks down organic matter and harvests energy by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism that uses energy to construct components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids.
The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes." [Metabolism. Wikipedia]
The biochemical pathway map example "Key metabolic processes" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Biology solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-biology
Metabolic pathway map
Metabolic pathway map, beta-oxydation, citric acid cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle, Krebs cycle, proteins, amino acids, pool, nitrogen, proteins, ammonia, urea, carbon dioxide, carbohydrates, glucose 6-phosphate, glucose, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, lipids, fatty acids, glycerol, chain, oxygen, water, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, glucose, urea cycle

biology, biochemistry Biology

biology, biochemistry
Biology solution extends ConceptDraw PRO software with templates, samples and libraries of vector stencils for drawing biological and biochemical illustrations.
The vector stencils library "Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle)" contains 26 symbols of metabolites for drawing metabolic pathway maps and biochemical shematic diagrams of the citric acid cycle (TCA cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, Krebs cycle) and diagrams of metabolism processes.
"The citric acid cycle - also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), or the Krebs cycle, - is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.
The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP." [Citric acid cycle. Wikipedia]
The shapes example "Design elements - TCA cycle" is included in the Biology solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-biology
Tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle) symbols
Tricarboxylic acid  cycle (Krebs cycle) symbols , α-ketoglutarate, alpha-ketoglutarate, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, acetyl coenzyme A, citric acid, citrate, citric acid cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle, Krebs cycle, carbon dioxide, Coenzyme A, coenzyme Q10, ubiquinone, ubidecarenone, coenzyme Q, CoQ10, CoQ, Q10, D-isocitrate, D-isocitric acid, isocitrate, isocitric acid, flavin adenine dinucleotide, FAD, flavin adenine dinucleotide, FADH2, fumarate, fumaric acid, trans-butenedioic acid, guanosine-5'-diphosphate, GDP, guanosine diphosphate, guanosine-5'-triphosphate, GTP, guanosine triphosphate, L-malate, malate, malic acid, L-malic acid, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH, oxaloacetate, oxaloacetic acid, oxalacetic acid, phosphate, phosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, dihydrogen phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, coenzyme Q10, ubiquinone, ubidecarenone, coenzyme Q, CoQ10, CoQ, Q10, succinate, succinic acid, butanedioic acid, spirit of amber, succinyl-CoA, succinyl-coenzyme A, SucCoA, water
The vector stencils library "Carbohydrate metabolism" contains 25 icons of metabolite symbols.
Use these shapes for drawing carbohydrate metabolism schematics, biochemical diagrams and metabolic pathways maps.
"Carbohydrates are a superior short-term fuel for organisms because they are simpler to metabolize than fats or those amino acids (components of proteins) that can be used for fuel. In animals, the most important carbohydrate is glucose. The concentration of glucose in the blood is used as the main control for the central metabolic hormone, insulin. Starch, and cellulose in a few organisms (e.g., some animals ... and ... microorganisms), both being glucose polymers, are disassembled during digestion and absorbed as glucose. Some simple carbohydrates have their own enzymatic oxidation pathways, as do only a few of the more complex carbohydrates. The disaccharide lactose, for instance, requires the enzyme lactase to be broken into its monosaccharides components; many animals lack this enzyme in adulthood." [Carbohydrate metabolism. Wikipedia]
The shapes example "Design elements - Carbohydrate metabolism" is included in the Biology solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-biology
Carbohydrate metabolite symbols
Carbohydrate metabolite symbols, 13-bisphosphoglyceric acid, 13-bisphosphoglycerate, 13BPG, 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate, KDG, 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate,  2-keto-3-deoxy-D-gluconic acid, 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-gluconate, 3-deoxy-2-oxo-D-gluconate, 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate, 3-deoxy-D-erythro-hex-2-ulosonic acid, 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate, KDPG, 2-phosphoglyceric acid, 2PG, 2-phosphoglycerate, 6-phosphogluconic acid, 6-phosphogluconate, 6-phosphogluconolactone, 6-phosphoglucono-δ-lactone, acetic acid, acetate, ethanoic acid, acetyl coenzyme A, acetyl-CoA, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, DHAP, glycerone phosphate, Entner-Doudoroff pathway non-phosphorylating
, Entner-Doudoroff pathway phosphorylating, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, Harden-Young ester, fructose 6-phosphate, gluconic acid, gluconate, gluconolactone, ghlucono delta-lactone, GDL, glucose, D-glucose, dextrose, grape sugar, glucose 6-phosphate, Robison ester, glyceraldehyde, glyceric aldehyde
, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, triose phosphate, 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde, G3P, GADP, GAP, TP, GALP, PGAL, glycerate, glyceric acid, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 3PG, glycerate 3-phosphate, GP, glycolysis, lactic acid, lactate, milk acid, phosphoenolpyruvic acid, PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate, pyruvic acid, pyruvate
"Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)." [Glycolysis. Wikipedia]
This biochemical diagram was redesigned from Wikimedia file: Glycolysis overview.svg. [commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Glycolysis_ overview.svg]
The glucose metabolism diagram example "Glycolysis overview" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Biology solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-biology
Glycolysis pathway map
Glycolysis pathway map, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, water, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH, phosphate ion, phosphate inorganic, phosphate ion, phosphate inorganic, water, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, Harden-Young ester, glucose 6-phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, Robison ester, glucose, D-glucose, dextrose, grape sugar, 13-bisphosphoglyceric acid, 13-bisphosphoglycerate, 13BPG, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 3PG, glycerate 3-phosphate, GP, 2-phosphoglyceric acid, 2PG, 2-phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvic acid, PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate, pyruvic acid, pyruvate, pyruvic acid, pyruvate, 13-bisphosphoglyceric acid, 13-bisphosphoglycerate, 13BPG, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 3PG, glycerate 3-phosphate, GP, 2-phosphoglyceric acid, 2PG, 2-phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvic acid, PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, triose phosphate, 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde, G3P, GADP, GAP, TP, GALP, PGAL, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, triose phosphate, 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde, G3P, GADP, GAP, TP, GALP, PGAL, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, DHAP, glycerone phosphate
"Citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)." [Citric acid cycle. Wikipedia]
This biochemical diagram example shows metabolic pathways map of citric acid cycle reactions.
This sample was redesigned from the Wikimedia Commons file: TCA cycle.svg. [commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:TCA_ cycle.svg]
This image is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 3.0/ deed.en]
The metabolic pathway map example "Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle)" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Biology solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-biology
Tricarboxylic acid cycle
Tricarboxylic acid cycle, carbon dioxide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, water, Coenzyme A, water, carbon dioxide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, α-ketoglutarate, alpha-ketoglutarate, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, Coenzyme A, succinyl-CoA, succinyl-coenzyme A, SucCoA, succinate, succinic acid, butanedioic acid, spirit of amber, Coenzyme A, guanosine-5'-diphosphate, GDP, guanosine diphosphate, guanosine-5'-triphosphate, GTP, guanosine triphosphate, phosphate, phosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, dihydrogen phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, flavin adenine dinucleotide, FADH2, flavin adenine dinucleotide, FAD, coenzyme Q10, ubiquinone, ubidecarenone, coenzyme Q, CoQ10, CoQ, Q10, coenzyme Q10, ubiquinone, ubidecarenone, coenzyme Q, CoQ10, CoQ, Q10, fumarate, fumaric acid, trans-butenedioic acid, L-malate, malate, malic acid, L-malic acid, oxaloacetate, oxaloacetic acid, oxalacetic acid, citric acid cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle, Krebs cycle, acetyl coenzyme A, citric acid, citrate, D-isocitrate, D-isocitric acid, isocitrate, isocitric acid
This biochemical chart display how proteins, polysaccharides and fats from food are digested into gastrointestinal tract into aminoacids, monosaccharides and fatty acids, and then broken down and oxidized to carbon dioxide and water in cellular processes of energy generation.
This metabolic pathway map was redesigned from Wikipedia file: Catabolism schematic.svg. [en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ File:Catabolism_ schematic.svg]
The biochemical diagram example "Catabolism schematic" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Biology solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-biology
Catabolic pathway map
Catabolic pathway map, acetyl coenzyme A, citric acid cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, adenosine triphosphate, ATP, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NAD, adenosine diphosphate, ADP, fatty acids, monosaccharides, amino acids, fats, polysaccharides, proteins
"Carbohydrate catabolism is the breakdown of carbohydrates into smaller units. Carbohydrates literally undergo combustion to retrieve the large amounts of energy in their bonds. Energy is secured by mitochondria in the form of ATP.
There are several different types of carbohydrates: polysaccharides (e.g., starch, amylopectin, glycogen, cellulose), monosaccharides (e.g., glucose, galactose, fructose, ribose) and the disaccharides (e.g., maltose, lactose).
Glucose reacts with oxygen in the following redox reaction, C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O, the carbon dioxide and water is a waste product and the chemical reaction is exothermic.
The breakdown of glucose into energy in the form of molecules of ATP is therefore one of the most important biochemical pathways found in living organisms." [Carbohydrate catabolism. Wikipedia]
This glucose catabolism pathways map shows glycolysis by orange color, Entner-Doudoroff phosphorylating pathway by green color, Entner-Doudoroff non-phosphorylating pathway by Yellow color.
This methabolic pathway map was redesigned from Wikimedia file: Glucose catabolism pathways.svg. [commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Glucose_ catabolism_ pathways.svg]
The biochemical diagram example "Glucose catabolism pathways map" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Biology solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-biology
Catabolic pathway map
Catabolic pathway map, pyruvic acid, pyruvate, lactic acid, lactate, milk acid, glucose 6-phosphate, Robison ester, acetyl coenzyme A, acetyl-CoA, fructose 6-phosphate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, Harden-Young ester, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, DHAP, glycerone phosphate, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, triose phosphate, 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde, G3P, GADP, GAP, TP, GALP, PGAL, acetic acid, acetate, ethanoic acid, 13-bisphosphoglyceric acid, 13-bisphosphoglycerate, 13BPG, 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 3PG, glycerate 3-phosphate, GP, 2-phosphoglyceric acid, 2PG, 2-phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvic acid, PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate, glycerate, glyceric acid, glyceraldehyde, glyceric aldehyde
, 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate, KDG, 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate,  2-keto-3-deoxy-D-gluconic acid, 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-gluconate, 3-deoxy-2-oxo-D-gluconate, 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate, 3-deoxy-D-erythro-hex-2-ulosonic acid, gluconic acid, gluconate, gluconolactone, ghlucono delta-lactone, GDL, 6-phosphogluconolactone, 6-phosphoglucono-δ-lactone, 6-phosphogluconic acid, 6-phosphogluconate, 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate, KDPG, glycolysis, Entner-Doudoroff pathway phosphorylating, Entner-Doudoroff pathway non-phosphorylating
, glucose, D-glucose, dextrose, grape sugar