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"In physics, ray tracing is a method for calculating the path of waves or particles through a system with regions of varying propagation velocity, absorption characteristics, and reflecting surfaces. Under these circumstances, wavefronts may bend, change direction, or reflect off surfaces, complicating analysis. Ray tracing solves the problem by repeatedly advancing idealized narrow beams called rays through the medium by discrete amounts. Simple problems can be analyzed by propagating a few rays using simple mathematics. More detailed analyses can be performed by using a computer to propagate many rays.
When applied to problems of electromagnetic radiation, ray tracing often relies on approximate solutions to Maxwell's equations that are valid as long as the light waves propagate through and around objects whose dimensions are much greater than the light's wavelength. Ray theory does not describe phenomena such as interference and diffraction, which require wave theory (involving the phase of the wave)." [Ray tracing (physics). Wikipedia]
The example "Ray tracing diagram for concave lens" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Physics solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Ray tracing diagram
Ray tracing diagram, body, concave lens,
"In physics, the Eightfold Way is a term coined by American physicist Murray Gell-Mann for a theory organizing subatomic baryons and mesons into octets (alluding to the Noble Eightfold Path of Buddhism). The theory was independently proposed by Israeli physicist Yuval Ne'eman and led to the subsequent development of the quark model. ...
The Eightfold Way may be understood in modern terms as a consequence of flavor symmetries between various kinds of quarks. Since the strong nuclear force affects quarks the same way regardless of their flavor, replacing one flavor of quark with another in a hadron should not alter its mass very much. Mathematically, this replacement may be described by elements of the SU(3) group. The octets and other arrangements are representations of this group." [Eightfold Way (physics). Wikipedia]
The physical diagram "The Eightfold Way" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Physics solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Baryon octet (left) and meson octet (right) diagrams
Baryon octet (left) and meson octet (right) diagrams, proton, nucleon, neutron, nucleon, Xi-null-hyperon, Xi-minus-hyperon, Sigma-plus-hyperon, Sigma-null-hyperon, Pi-plus meson, pion, Pi-null meson, pion, Pi-minus meson, pion, Lambda-hyperon, K-plus meson, kaon, K-null meson, kaon, K-minus meson, kaon, Eta-meson, Anti-Sigma-minus-hyperon, Anti-K-null meson, antikaon,
"A lens is an optical device which transmits and refracts light, converging or diverging the beam. A simple lens consists of a single optical element. A compound lens is an array of simple lenses (elements) with a common axis; the use of multiple elements allows more optical aberrations to be corrected than is possible with a single element. Lenses are typically made of glass or transparent plastic. Elements which refract electromagnetic radiation outside the visual spectrum are also called lenses: for instance, a microwave lens can be made from paraffin wax.
The variant spelling lense is sometimes seen. While it is listed as an alternative spelling in some dictionaries, most mainstream dictionaries do not list it as acceptable." [Lens (optics). Wikipedia]
The example "Ray tracing diagram for convex lens" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Physics solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Ray tracing diagram
Ray tracing diagram, convex lens, ray, body, convex lens,
The vector shapes library "Nuclear physics" contains 39 symbol icons of elementary particles.
Use these shapes for drawing nuclear physics diagrams of nuclear reactions and experiments in the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Physics solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-physics
Rutherford Atom Model
Rutherford Atom Model, Rutherford, Bohr, atom model,
Thompson Atom Model
Thompson Atom Model, Thompson, atom model,
Nucleus model
Nucleus model, nucleus model,
Particle
Particle, particle,
Gamma particle
Gamma particle, gamma particle,
Electron neutrino
Electron neutrino, electron neutrino,
Electron antineutrino
Electron antineutrino, electron antineutrino,
Muon neutrino
Muon neutrino, muon neutrino,
Muon antineutrino
Muon antineutrino, muon antineutrino,
Electron
Electron, electron,
Positron
Positron, positron,
Mu-minus meson (muon)
Mu-minus meson (muon), Mu-minus meson, muon,
Mu-plus meson (muon)
Mu-plus meson (muon), Mu-plus meson, muon,
Pi-plus meson (pion)
Pi-plus meson (pion), Pi-plus meson, pion,
Pi-minus meson (pion)
Pi-minus meson (pion), Pi-minus meson, pion,
K-plus meson (kaon)
K-plus meson (kaon), K-plus meson, kaon,
Pi-null meson (pion)
Pi-null meson (pion), Pi-null meson, pion,
K-minus meson (kaon)
K-minus meson (kaon), K-minus meson, kaon,
K-null meson (kaon)
K-null meson (kaon), K-null meson, kaon,
Anti-K-null meson (antikaon)
Anti-K-null meson (antikaon), Anti-K-null meson, antikaon,
Eta-meson
Eta-meson, Eta-meson,
Proton (nucleon)
Proton (nucleon), proton, nucleon,
Antiproton (nucleon)
Antiproton (nucleon), antiproton, nucleon,
Neutron (nucleon)
Neutron (nucleon), neutron, nucleon,
Antineutron (nucleon)
Antineutron (nucleon), antineutron, nucleon,
Lambda-hyperon
Lambda-hyperon, Lambda-hyperon,
Anti-Lambda hyperon
Anti-Lambda hyperon, Anti-Lambda hyperon,
Sigma-plus-hyperon
Sigma-plus-hyperon, Sigma-plus-hyperon,
Anti-Sigma-minus-hyperon
Anti-Sigma-minus-hyperon, Anti-Sigma-minus-hyperon,
Anti-Sigma-plus-hyperon
Anti-Sigma-plus-hyperon, Sigma-plus-hyperon,
Sigma-minus-hyperon
Sigma-minus-hyperon, Anti-Sigma-minus-hyperon,
Sigma-null-hyperon
Sigma-null-hyperon, Sigma-null-hyperon,
Anti-Sigma-null hyperon
Anti-Sigma-null hyperon, Anti-Sigma-null-hyperon,
Xi-minus-hyperon
Xi-minus-hyperon, Xi-minus-hyperon,
Anti-Xi-minus hyperon
Anti-Xi-minus hyperon, anti-Xi-minus-hyperon,
Xi-null-hyperon
Xi-null-hyperon, Xi-null-hyperon,
Anti-Xi-null-hyperon
Anti-Xi-null-hyperon, anti-Xi-null-hyperon,
Omega-minus-hyperon
Omega-minus-hyperon, Omega-minus-hyperon,
Anti-Omega-minus-hyperon
Anti-Omega-minus-hyperon, anti-Omega-minus-hyperon,
The vector shapes library "Nuclear physics" contains 39 symbol icons of elementary particles for drawing diagrams of nuclear reactions and experiments in nuclear physics.
"Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies the constituents and interactions of atomic nuclei. The most commonly known applications of nuclear physics are nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons technology, but the research has provided application in many fields, including those in nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology.
The field of particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and is typically taught in close association with nuclear physics." [Nuclear physics. Wikipedia]
The example "Design elements - Nuclear physics" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Physics solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Elementary particles
Elementary particles, proton, nucleon, positron, particle, nucleus model, neutron, nucleon, muon neutrino, muon antineutrino, gamma particle, electron neutrino, electron antineutrino, electron, antiproton, nucleon, antineutron, nucleon, anti-Xi-null-hyperon, anti-Xi-minus-hyperon, anti-Omega-minus-hyperon, Xi-null-hyperon, Xi-minus-hyperon, Thompson, atom model, Sigma-plus-hyperon, Sigma-null-hyperon, Rutherford, Bohr, atom model, Pi-plus meson, pion, Pi-null meson, pion, Pi-minus meson, pion, Omega-minus-hyperon, Mu-plus meson, muon, Mu-minus meson, muon, Lambda-hyperon, K-plus meson, kaon, K-null meson, kaon, K-minus meson, kaon, Eta-meson, Anti-Sigma-null-hyperon, Anti-Sigma-minus-hyperon, Anti-Lambda hyperon, Anti-K-null meson, antikaon,
The vector stencils library "Chemical engineering" contains 24 symbols of chemical and process engineering equipment.
Use these shapes for drawing block flow diagrams (BFD), process flow diagrams (PFD), piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&ID), and water flow diagrams.
"Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that applies the natural (or experimental) sciences (e.g., chemistry and physics) and life sciences (e.g. biology, microbiology and biochemistry) together with mathematics and economics to production, transformation, transportation and proper usage of chemicals, materials and energy. It essentially deals with the engineering of chemicals, energy and the processes that create and/ or convert them. Modern chemical engineers are concerned with processes that convert raw-materials or (cheap)chemicals into more useful or valuable forms. In addition, they are also concerned with pioneering valuable materials and related techniques – which are often essential to related fields such as nanotechnology, fuel cells and bioengineering. Within chemical engineering, two broad subgroups include design, manufacture, and operation of plants and machinery in industrial chemical and related processes ("chemical process engineers") and development of new or adapted substances for products ranging from foods and beverages to cosmetics to cleaners to pharmaceutical ingredients, among many other products ("chemical product engineers")." [Chemical engineering. Wikipedia]
The example "Design elements - Chemical engineering" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Chemical engineering symbols
Chemical engineering symbols, vessel, venturi, flow nozzle, vapor, vertical, jacketed vessel, vaporizing equipment, vapor, horizontal, jacketed vessel, vaporizing equipment, valve, in-line, tower, bubble tower, sparge, process vessel, tank truck, tank car, screen, separating equipment, roll press, roll-type press, size-enlargement equipment, pump mixer, agitated-line, mixing equipment, propeller, mixing blade, motor valve, valve, kettle, reboiler, heat exchanging equipment, instrument, instrumentation, flash drum, knockout drum, process vessel, fan, centrifugal fan, evaporator, circulating evaporator, electrostatic precipitator, bag filter, separating equipment, cooling tower, auxiliary facility, clarifier, thickener, separating equipment, centrifugal pump, blower, rotary blower, agitator, radial turbine agitated tank, mixing equipment,
The vector stencils library "Optics" contains 17 symbol icons: reflecting surface; convex and concave lens with and without optic axis, body or ray; ray; parallel beam of light; point light source; prism with and without ray path; refraction.
Use these shapes for drawing schemes of physical experiments in geometrical optics and ray tracing diagrams.
"Geometrical optics, or ray optics, describes light propagation in terms of "rays". The "ray" in geometric optics is an abstraction, or "instrument", which can be used to approximately model how light will propagate. Light rays are defined to propagate in a rectilinear path as they travel in a homogeneous medium. Rays bend (and may split in two) at the interface between two dissimilar media, may curve in a medium where the refractive index changes, and may be absorbed and reflected. Geometrical optics provides rules, which may depend on the color (wavelength) of the ray, for propagating these rays through an optical system. This is a significant simplification of optics that fails to account for optical effects such as diffraction and interference. It is an excellent approximation, however, when the wavelength is very small compared with the size of structures with which the light interacts. Geometric optics can be used to describe the geometrical aspects of imaging, including optical aberrations." [Geometrical optics. Wikipedia]
The example "Design elements - Optics" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Physics solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Optical symbols
Optical symbols, refraction, complete reflection, reflecting surface, ray path, prism, prism, point light source, physical body, parallel beam, light, light ray, ray, convex lens, ray, convex lens, concave lens, ray, concave lens, body, convex lens, body, concave lens,  lens, optic axis,
The vector stencils library "Mechanics" contains 29 symbol shapes for drawing mechanics experiment schemes and physical diagrams.
"Mechanics ... is the branch of science concerned with the behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements, and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment. The scientific discipline has its origins in Ancient Greece with the writings of Aristotle and Archimedes. During the early modern period, scientists such as Galileo, Kepler, and especially Newton, laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics. It is a branch of classical physics that deals with particles that are either at rest or are moving with velocities significantly less than the speed of light. It can also be defined as a branch of science which deals with the motion of and forces on objects." [Mechanics. Wikipedia]
The example "Design elements - Mechanics" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Physics solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Mechanical symbols
Mechanical symbols, weight, hook, vector, stub reinforcement, stick, rod, spring balance, spring, rest, stop, detent, parabolic motion, path, mathematical pendulum, linear motion, path, inclined plane, block, inclined plane, hyperbolic motion, path, elliptical motion, path, co-ordinate, axis, axes, scale, block system, block, beam balance, ball, sphere, angle, Earth, globe,
The vector stencils library "Optics" contains 17 symbol icons: reflecting surface; convex and concave lens with and without optic axis, body or ray; ray; parallel beam of light; point light source; prism with and without ray path; refraction.
Use these shapes for drawing physical schemes of geometrical optics experiments and ray tracing diagrams in the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Physics solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-physics
Reflecting Surface
Reflecting Surface, reflecting surface,
Convex Lens
Convex Lens, convex lens,
Concave Lens
Concave Lens, concave lens,
Object
Object, physical body,
Ray
Ray, light ray, ray,
Point Light Source
Point Light Source, point light source,
Prism
Prism, prism,
Refraction
Refraction, refraction, complete reflection,
Body and Convex Lens
Body and Convex Lens, body, convex lens,
Body and concave lens
Body and concave lens, body, concave lens,
Convex Lens and Ray
Convex Lens and Ray, convex lens, ray,
Concave Lens and Ray
Concave Lens and Ray, concave lens, ray,
Ray path through prism
Ray path through prism, ray path, prism,
Parallel beam of light
Parallel beam of light, parallel beam, light,
Parallel beam of light 2
Parallel beam of light 2, parallel beam, light,
Concave lens, optic axis
Concave lens, optic axis,  lens, optic axis,
Convex lens, optic axis
Convex lens, optic axis,  lens, optic axis,
The vector stencils library "Mechanics" contains 29 mechanical symbols.
Use these shapes for drawing mechanics experiment schemes and physical diagrams in the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Physics solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-physics
Rest
Rest, rest, stop, detent,
Co-ordinates
Co-ordinates, co-ordinate, axis, axes, scale,
Inclined plane
Inclined plane, inclined plane,
Block
Block, block,
Block System
Block System, block system,
Mathematical pendulum
Mathematical pendulum, mathematical pendulum,
Inclined plane with block
Inclined plane with block, inclined plane, block,
Vector
Vector, vector,
Parabolic motion path
Parabolic motion path, parabolic motion, path,
Parabolic motion path
Parabolic motion path, parabolic motion, path,
Hyperbolic motion path
Hyperbolic motion path, hyperbolic motion, path,
Parabolic motion path
Parabolic motion path, parabolic motion, path,
Elliptical motion path
Elliptical motion path, elliptical motion, path,
Spring
Spring, spring,
Angle
Angle, angle,
Linear motion path
Linear motion path, linear motion, path,
Stub Reinforcement
Stub Reinforcement, stub reinforcement,
Stick
Stick, stick, rod,
Beam balance
Beam balance, beam balance,
Beam balance 2
Beam balance 2, beam balance,
Spring Balance
Spring Balance, spring balance,
Ball
Ball, ball, sphere,
Weight
Weight, weight, hook,
Weight, hook
Weight, hook, weight, hook,
Globe, parallels, meridians
Globe, parallels, meridians, Earth, globe,
Globe, parallels
Globe, parallels, Earth, globe,
Globe, meridians
Globe, meridians, Earth, globe,
Inclined plane with block 2
Inclined plane with block 2, inclined plane, block,
Inclined plane 2
Inclined plane 2, inclined plane, block,