Carbonyl compound halogenation mechanism

This chemical reaction mechanism drawing depicts steps of carbonyl compound halogenation reaction. "Alpha-substitution reactions occur at the position next to the carbonyl group, the α-position, and involve the substitution of an α hydrogen atom by an electrophile, E, through either an enol or enolate ion intermediate. ... Alpha Halogenation of Aldehydes and Ketones. A particularly common α-substitution reaction in the laboratory is the halogenation of aldehydes and ketones at their α positions by reaction Cl2, Br2 or I2 in acidic solution. Bromine in acetic acid solvent is often used. ... The halogenation is a typical α-substitution reaction that proceeds by acid catalyzed formation of an enol intermediate." [Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution Reactions. Wikipedia] This example was redesigned from the Wikimedia Commons file: Halogenierung Mechanismus Version 3-Seite001.svg. [commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Halogenierung_Mechanismus_Version_3-Seite001.svg] This image is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. [creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/] The chemical drawing example "Carbonyl compound halogenation mechanism" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Chemistry solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.