4 Level pyramid model diagram - Information systems types

A four level pyramid model of different types of Information Systems based on the different levels of hierarchy in an organization. The first level represents transaction processing systems for workers. The second level represents management information systems for middle managers. The third level represents decision support systems for senior menegers. The fourth level represents executive information systems for executives.
"The "classic" view of Information systems found in the textbooks in the 1980s was of a pyramid of systems that reflected the hierarchy of the organization, usually transaction processing systems at the bottom of the pyramid, followed by management information systems, decision support systems, and ending with executive information systems at the top. Although the pyramid model remains useful, since it was first formulated a number of new technologies have been developed and new categories of information systems have emerged, some of which no longer fit easily into the original pyramid model.
Some examples of such systems are:
data warehouses,
enterprise resource planning,
enterprise systems,
expert systems,
search engines,
geographic information system,
global information system,
office automation." [Information systems. Wikipedia]
This diagram was redesigned using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software from Wikimedia Commons file Four-Level-Pyramid-model.png. [commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Four-Level-Pyramid-model.png]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
The triangle chart example "Information systems types" is included in the Pyramid Diagrams solution from the Marketing area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.

This double bar chart sample shows the nitrate concentration in milligrams per liter in Community Water Systems (CWS), mean and maximum by year, in New Mexico in 1999-2015. It was drawn using data from the New Mexico's Indicator-Based Information System (NM-IBIS) website. [ibis.health.state.nm.us/ indicator/ complete_ profile/ CommWaterNitrates.html]
"Nitrate toxicity is a preventable cause of methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome), especially in infants. Infants younger than 4 months of age are at greatest risk of toxicity from nitrate-contaminated drinking water.
These infants are more susceptible to developing methemoglobinemia because the pH of their gut is normally higher (less acidic) than in older children and adults. The higher pH enhances the conversion of ingested nitrate to the more toxic nitrite. The bacterial flora of a young infant's gut is also different from that found in older children and adults and might be more likely to convert ingested nitrate to nitrite. Gastroenteritis can increase body transformation of nitrate to nitrite and absorption into the bloodstream of nitrite from the large intestine.
A large proportion of hemoglobin in young infants is in the form of fetal hemoglobin. Fetal hemoglobin is more readily oxidized to methemoglobin (MHg) by nitrites than is adult hemoglobin. In addition, in infants, the enzyme (NADH-dependent methemoglobin reductase) responsible for reduction of formed MHg back to normal hemoglobin has only about half the activity it has in adults.
Symptoms such as shortness of breath and bluish skin coloring around the mouth, hands, or feet, can occur in infants rapidly over a period of days. If the condition is severe, it could lead to convulsions, coma, and even death, if untreated. Most older children and adults can take in larger amounts of nitrate without experiencing the same health effects as infants. However, pregnant women, nursing mothers, and people with low stomach acid conditions or those deficient in an enzyme that changes MHg back to normal hemoglobin are more susceptible to nitrate-induced methemoglobinemia and could be affected by water with nitrate levels above 10 mg/ L.
Adverse reproductive outcomes such as spontaneous abortions, intrauterine growth retardation, and various birth defects such as anencephaly have been reported in scientific literature from exposure to high nitrate levels in drinking water; however, the evidence is inconsistent.
Little is known about possible health effects from high nitrate level exposure over a long period of time. However, some studies suggest that there might be a risk of stomach, esophageal or bladder cancers in people with prolonged ingestion of high levels of nitrate. This might be due to the formation of nitrosoamines in the body following ingestion exposure to high levels of nitrate.
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified ingested nitrate or nitrite as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A) under conditions that result in formation of nitroso-compounds (e.g., nitrosoamines) in the body (endogenous nitrosation)." [ibis.health.state.nm.us/ indicator/ view/ CommWaterNitrates.MeanMax.Year.html]
The column chart example "Nitrate concentration in Community Water Systems (CWS)" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Bar Graphs solution from the Graphs and Charts area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.

This HR infographics example was designed on the base of flowchart "Hiring Process" from the website of the Idaho Division of Human Resources.
"... hiring process flowchart outlining the steps to fill a vacant position." [dhr.idaho.gov/ hiringprocess.html]
"What is a hiring list and what are they for?
A hiring list consists of applicants who completed and passed the examination for a vacant classified position.
The applicants are ranked on the hiring list in order from highest to lowest score." [dhr.idaho.gov/ PDF%20 documents/ Flowchart/ Hiring%20 List%20 Guidance.pdf]
"Announcements.
Announcing a vacant position benefits the agency by allowing a wide array of applicants the opportunity to compete for job openings, resulting in a more qualified employee. The State Merit System requires all appointments, promotions and separations in the classified service to be based on competence, valid job requirements, and individual performance." [dhr.idaho.gov/ PDF%20 documents/ Flowchart/ Announcement.pdf]
"Conducting A Lawful Employment Interview.
Interviewing prospective employees is one of the most important activities employers do. The employer’s objective of an interview is to determine whether an applicant is suitable for an available position. The interview provides the employer an opportunity to obtain in-depth information about a job applicant’s skills, work history, and employment background for this purpose." [dhr.idaho.gov/ PDF%20 documents/ Flowchart/ Conducting%20 a%20 Lawful%20 Employment%20 Interview.pdf]
"Reference Checks.
References should be checked after a successful interview with a candidate, but before you offer them the position. If after interviewing there are several candidates that are qualified for the position, reference checks are also a way to further distinguish who might best fit within your agency." [dhr.idaho.gov/ PDF%20 documents/ Flowchart/ Reference%20 Checks.pdf]
"Making the job offer.
Before offering the position to your selected candidate, be sure to speak with your HR and fiscal staff. They may have some suggestions for negotiating the starting salary, etc.
Job Offer Letter.
... A job offer letter should be given to the newly hired employee after you have verbally negotiated the terms of employment. This letter confirms the conditions of employment the selected candidate has accepted and gives them information for their first day." [dhr.idaho.gov/ PDF%20 documents/ Flowchart/ Making%20 the%20 job%20 offer.pdf]
"E-verify.
To ensure compliance with the Governor’s Executive Order 2009-10, all
State Agencies are encouraged to participate in E-verify.
E-verify is an internet based system that allows an employer, using information reported on an employee’s Form I-9, to determine the eligibility of that employee to work in the United States.
The E-Verify system is operated by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security in partnership with the Social Security Administration and its use is free of charge to employers." [dhr.idaho.gov/ PDF%20 documents/ Flowchart/ EVerify%20 Statement.pdf]
"New Hire Paperwork.
There are several important forms for the new employee to fill out." [dhr.idaho.gov/ PDF%20 documents/ Flowchart/ New%20 Hire%20 Paperwork.pdf]
"Probationary Period.
All appointments and promotions into classified positions require a probationary period of 1,040 hours
except for peace officers who must serve 2,080 hours.
The probationary period is a working test period to evaluate the work performance of the employee and to determine their suitability for the position." [dhr.idaho.gov/ PDF%20 documents/ Flowchart/ Probationary%20 Period%20 for%20 Hiring%20 Process.pdf]
The HR infographics example "Hiring process workflow" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the HR Flowcharts solution from the Management area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.