This double bar chart sample shows the nitrate concentration in milligrams per liter in Community Water Systems (CWS), mean and maximum by year, in New Mexico in 1999-2015. It was drawn using data from the New Mexico's Indicator-Based Information System (NM-IBIS) website. [ibis.health.state.nm.us/ indicator/ complete_ profile/ CommWaterNitrates.html]
"Nitrate toxicity is a preventable cause of methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome), especially in infants. Infants younger than 4 months of age are at greatest risk of toxicity from nitrate-contaminated drinking water.
These infants are more susceptible to developing methemoglobinemia because the pH of their gut is normally higher (less acidic) than in older children and adults. The higher pH enhances the conversion of ingested nitrate to the more toxic nitrite. The bacterial flora of a young infant's gut is also different from that found in older children and adults and might be more likely to convert ingested nitrate to nitrite. Gastroenteritis can increase body transformation of nitrate to nitrite and absorption into the bloodstream of nitrite from the large intestine.
A large proportion of hemoglobin in young infants is in the form of fetal hemoglobin. Fetal hemoglobin is more readily oxidized to methemoglobin (MHg) by nitrites than is adult hemoglobin. In addition, in infants, the enzyme (NADH-dependent methemoglobin reductase) responsible for reduction of formed MHg back to normal hemoglobin has only about half the activity it has in adults.
Symptoms such as shortness of breath and bluish skin coloring around the mouth, hands, or feet, can occur in infants rapidly over a period of days. If the condition is severe, it could lead to convulsions, coma, and even death, if untreated. Most older children and adults can take in larger amounts of nitrate without experiencing the same health effects as infants. However, pregnant women, nursing mothers, and people with low stomach acid conditions or those deficient in an enzyme that changes MHg back to normal hemoglobin are more susceptible to nitrate-induced methemoglobinemia and could be affected by water with nitrate levels above 10 mg/ L.
Adverse reproductive outcomes such as spontaneous abortions, intrauterine growth retardation, and various birth defects such as anencephaly have been reported in scientific literature from exposure to high nitrate levels in drinking water; however, the evidence is inconsistent.
Little is known about possible health effects from high nitrate level exposure over a long period of time. However, some studies suggest that there might be a risk of stomach, esophageal or bladder cancers in people with prolonged ingestion of high levels of nitrate. This might be due to the formation of nitrosoamines in the body following ingestion exposure to high levels of nitrate.
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified ingested nitrate or nitrite as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A) under conditions that result in formation of nitroso-compounds (e.g., nitrosoamines) in the body (endogenous nitrosation)." [ibis.health.state.nm.us/ indicator/ view/ CommWaterNitrates.MeanMax.Year.html]
The column chart example "Nitrate concentration in Community Water Systems (CWS)" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Bar Graphs solution from the Graphs and Charts area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
"Nitrate toxicity is a preventable cause of methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome), especially in infants. Infants younger than 4 months of age are at greatest risk of toxicity from nitrate-contaminated drinking water.
These infants are more susceptible to developing methemoglobinemia because the pH of their gut is normally higher (less acidic) than in older children and adults. The higher pH enhances the conversion of ingested nitrate to the more toxic nitrite. The bacterial flora of a young infant's gut is also different from that found in older children and adults and might be more likely to convert ingested nitrate to nitrite. Gastroenteritis can increase body transformation of nitrate to nitrite and absorption into the bloodstream of nitrite from the large intestine.
A large proportion of hemoglobin in young infants is in the form of fetal hemoglobin. Fetal hemoglobin is more readily oxidized to methemoglobin (MHg) by nitrites than is adult hemoglobin. In addition, in infants, the enzyme (NADH-dependent methemoglobin reductase) responsible for reduction of formed MHg back to normal hemoglobin has only about half the activity it has in adults.
Symptoms such as shortness of breath and bluish skin coloring around the mouth, hands, or feet, can occur in infants rapidly over a period of days. If the condition is severe, it could lead to convulsions, coma, and even death, if untreated. Most older children and adults can take in larger amounts of nitrate without experiencing the same health effects as infants. However, pregnant women, nursing mothers, and people with low stomach acid conditions or those deficient in an enzyme that changes MHg back to normal hemoglobin are more susceptible to nitrate-induced methemoglobinemia and could be affected by water with nitrate levels above 10 mg/ L.
Adverse reproductive outcomes such as spontaneous abortions, intrauterine growth retardation, and various birth defects such as anencephaly have been reported in scientific literature from exposure to high nitrate levels in drinking water; however, the evidence is inconsistent.
Little is known about possible health effects from high nitrate level exposure over a long period of time. However, some studies suggest that there might be a risk of stomach, esophageal or bladder cancers in people with prolonged ingestion of high levels of nitrate. This might be due to the formation of nitrosoamines in the body following ingestion exposure to high levels of nitrate.
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified ingested nitrate or nitrite as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A) under conditions that result in formation of nitroso-compounds (e.g., nitrosoamines) in the body (endogenous nitrosation)." [ibis.health.state.nm.us/ indicator/ view/ CommWaterNitrates.MeanMax.Year.html]
The column chart example "Nitrate concentration in Community Water Systems (CWS)" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Bar Graphs solution from the Graphs and Charts area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
The vector stencils library "HR professions" contains 81 professions pictograms.
Use this HR icon set to draw your HR flowcharts, workflow diagrams, process charts and infographics with the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software.
The HR pictograms library "HR professions" is included in the HR Flowcharts solution from the Management area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Use this HR icon set to draw your HR flowcharts, workflow diagrams, process charts and infographics with the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software.
The HR pictograms library "HR professions" is included in the HR Flowcharts solution from the Management area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Bar Graphs
The Bar Graphs solution enhances ConceptDraw DIAGRAM functionality with templates, numerous professional-looking samples, and a library of vector stencils for drawing different types of Bar Graphs, such as Simple Bar Graph, Double Bar Graph, Divided Bar Graph, Horizontal Bar Graph, Vertical Bar Graph, and Column Bar Chart.
This classroom floor plan sample shows the furniture and equipment layout.
It was created on the base of the drawing from the website of Okinawa Prefectural College of Nursing, Graduate School. [okinawa-nurs.ac.jp/ gp/ english/ 04miyako/ 04miyako-2.html]
The interior design example "Classroom floor plan" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the School and Training Plans solution from the Building Plans area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
It was created on the base of the drawing from the website of Okinawa Prefectural College of Nursing, Graduate School. [okinawa-nurs.ac.jp/ gp/ english/ 04miyako/ 04miyako-2.html]
The interior design example "Classroom floor plan" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the School and Training Plans solution from the Building Plans area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
SWOT Analysis
Most of the data needed for market analysis (demand, prices, volume of sales, etc.) are undefined, and in future are possible their changes as in the worst and the best side. SWOT analysis is effective method for prediction these processes and decision making for organizations that function in a competitive environment. It allows you to see the whole situation, to identify the strengths and weaknesses of organization (advantages and disadvantages), as well as opportunities and threats of external environment. The results of SWOT analysis are the basis for optimization the business processes, for development by the leading specialists in organization of interrelated complex of strategies and competitive activities. ConceptDraw DIAGRAM software enhanced with SWOT and TOWS Matrix Diagrams Solution will effectively help you in strategic planning for your company, department, project, in development marketing campaign, in identification of four categories of factors of internal and external environment of organization, and construction professional-looking SWOT and TOWS matrices.The vector stencils library "HR professions" contains 81 professions pictograms.
Use this HR icon set to draw your HR flowcharts, workflow diagrams, process charts and infographics with the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software.
The HR pictograms library "HR professions" is included in the HR Flowcharts solution from the Management area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Use this HR icon set to draw your HR flowcharts, workflow diagrams, process charts and infographics with the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software.
The HR pictograms library "HR professions" is included in the HR Flowcharts solution from the Management area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
UML Use Case Diagram Example. Registration System
This sample was created in ConceptDraw DIAGRAM diagramming and vector drawing software using the UML Use Case Diagram library of the Rapid UML Solution from the Software Development area of ConceptDraw Solution Park. This sample shows the types of user’s interactions with the system and is used at the registration and working with the database system.- SWOT Analysis | Chart Making Designs For Nurses
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