Metropolitan area networks (MAN). Computer and Network Examples

"Man-to-man defense is a type of defensive tactic used in team sports such as American football, association football, basketball, and netball, in which each player is assigned to defend and follow the movements of a single player on offense. Often, a player guards his counterpart (e.g. center guarding center), but a player may be assigned to guard a different position. The strategy is not rigid however, and a player might switch assignment if needed, or leave his own assignment for a moment to double team an offensive player. The term is commonly used even in women's basketball, though the gender-neutral 'player-to-player' also has some usage. ...
When defending the ball (i.e. guarding the man with the basketball) away from the basket in basketball, players typically should use a version of the following technique: The defender stands and faces the opponent. He is positioned between the ball and the basket and may be angled in one direction or another depending on the defensive scheme of that defender's team. He has his feet positioned beyond shoulder width with most of the weight distributed to the balls of his feet. However, the defender's heels should not be off the floor as this will put him off balance. The defender's knees should be bent at roughly a ninety degree angle with the bottom of his thighs parallel to the ground. This will place the defenders buttocks in a seated position. The defenders back should be straight with just a slight tilt forward. This will place the defender's head over the center of his body and maintain proper balance. Depending on the teachings of his coach, the defender should position his hands wide as if he were stretching his wingspan or place one hand high and one hand low." [Man-to-man defense. Wikipedia]
The basketball positions diagram example "Man-to-man basketball defense drill" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Basketball solution from the Sport area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ sport-basketball

"Causes in the diagram are often categorized, such as to the 6 M's ...
The 6 Ms (used in manufacturing industry):
(1) Machine (technology);
(2) Method (process);
(3) Material (Includes Raw Material, Consumables and Information.);
(4) Man Power (physical work)/ Mind Power (brain work): Kaizens, Suggestions;
(5) Measurement (Inspection);
(6) Milieu/ Mother Nature (Environment).
The original 6Ms used by the Toyota Production System have been expanded by some to include the following and are referred to as the 8Ms. However, this is not globally recognized. It has been suggested to return to the roots of the tools and to keep the teaching simple while recognizing the original intent; most programs do not address the 8Ms.
(7) Management/ Money Power;
(8) Maintenance." [Ishikawa diagram. Wikipedia]
This 8Ms Ishikawa diagram (manufacturing cause and effect diagram) template is included in the Fishbone Diagram solution from the Management area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.

"The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The system provides critical capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. It is maintained by the United States government and is freely accessible to anyone with a GPS receiver." [Global Positioning System. Wikipedia]
This GPS operation diagram example was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Telecommunication Network Diagrams solution from the Computer and Networks area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.

This onion diagram example was designed on the base of figure "Stakeholders for a System" in the slide presentation "A103: Introduction to ITS Standards Requirements Development" from the U.S. Department of Transportation (US DOT) website.
"“Stakeholders for a System.” A graphic of four concentric circles arranged like an archery target. The innermost circle is a reddish tan. The three bands of colors that are further from the center are in lighter shades of tan. This is called an “onion diagram” as onions are made up of multiple layers. The inner circle is labeled “Physical System.” The next layer outward is labeled “Operational System.” The next layer outward is labeled “Containing System.” The outermost layer is labeled “Wider Environment.” There are smaller black graphics of person positioned in the different layers of the diagram. Each person has a project role next to it as follows: 1) Inner Circle has no people – It represents the system; 2) Next Layer Outward has three people labeled TMC Operator, Field Maintenance, and Operational Support respectively; 3) Next Layer Outward has two people labeled Interfacing System Owner and Purchaser respectively; and 4) Outermost Layer has four people labeled Sponsor of the Project, Regulatory Agency, Public, and Politician respectively. The picture demonstrates while they are all stakeholders, different stakeholders have different levels of influence on the physical system to be defined. The most influence coming from those closest to the center."
[pcb.its.dot.gov/ standardstraining/ mod04/ ppt/ m04ppt.htm]
The onion diagram example "System stakeholders diagram" was drawn using the ConceptDraw PRO software extended with the Stakeholder Onion Diagrams solution from the Management area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.